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In the product name Botox Cosmetic Botulinum toxin is often a popular non-surgical injections that temporarily reduces or eliminates frown lines, forehead creases, crows feet near the eyes and thick neck bands. The toxin blocks the nerve impulses, temporarily paralyzing the muscles that cause wrinkles while giving the skin a smoother, more refreshed appearance. Studies have also suggested that Botox is effective in reducing migraine headaches sweating, muscle spasms, neck and eyes. Botulinum neurotoxin is produced Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum.
Eight serologically different botulinum neurotoxins exist, designated as A, B, C1, C2, D, E, F and G. Seven is associated with paralysis. A, B, E and, rarely, F and G are related to human botulism. Botulinum toxin is expressed in mouse units. One unit is equal to the amount that will be kill 50% of a group of 18 - 22 g Swiss Webster mice when injected into the peritoneal cavity. Human lethal dose (LD), Botox (botulinum type A purified neurotoxin complex) is about about 3,000 units. Botox injections, less than 100 units commonly used in cosmetics purposes and less than 300-600 units for other purposes, thereby allowing wide safety margin.
Recognizing that doses are not interchangeable between different forms of botulinum toxin (Botox, Dysport, Myobloc) is important to achieve similar clinical effects of different doses used. Botox is botulinum toxin type A, is produced from a culture, a sterile lyophilized form Hall strain of C botulinum and purified by acid precipitation, crystalline complex which contains toxins and other proteins. FDA approved Botox in 1989 December orphan drugs strabismus, hemifacial spasm, blepharospasm, and treatment. Botox is distributed Vials of 100 units.
Prepared by Shantz in 1979 November neurotoxin original batch (batch 79-11) Botox is the original product, and was used until 1997 December. He was replaced by new neurotoxin complex batch BCB 2024th The new bulk batch is 5-6 times stronger weight. 100 units vial should be only 4.8 ng neurotoxin, compared with 25 ng of 79-11.
Botox is similar to the clinical efficacy and safety of old and new BOTOX dose response equivalent to the old unit Botox dose. We hope that the reduced protein add new BOTOX leads to reduce the frequency and potency of neutralizing antibodies formation.
Dysport is another formulation of botulinum toxin type A in Europe and several other countries. She is ready to use column purification techniques and distributed 500 units bottles that can be stored at room temperature. Botox and Dysport and botulinum toxin type A preparations, however, is quite different from each other. Botox is approximately 4 times stronger per unit, and Dysport doses often are approximately 4 times the dose of Botox, used to generate similar clinical effects. Differences in these toxins may be related to strain differences bacterium, preparation, diffusion, and potency testing.
Myobloc is now a type B botulinum toxin products in clinical trials. It is expected that it will be offered as the solution. Little information on the cosmetic use of Dysport and Myobloc. Therefore, the rest of this article is focused on Botox, and all unit doses Botox, unless otherwise indicated.
Reconstitution and storage BOTOX store freezer at or below -5 ° C. Package insert recommends reconstitution BOTOX sterile saline solution without preservatives; 0.9% sodium chloride, the preferred solvent. Of investigators suggest that reconstitution with sterile saline solution with preservative (0.9 per cent. benzyl alcohol) reduces microbial contamination and a weak local anesthetic effect.
However, contamination is rarely a problem, and the anesthetic effect is small. Botox is easily denatured, bubbling or agitation; gently inject the diluent onto the inner wall of the bottle. Discard the vial if a vacuum does not pull the diluent in the final dilution Botox mainly depends on the personal choice of 100 units are usually dissolved in 10-10 ml thinner. Theoretically, more concentrated solutions reduce reliability of the devices to ensure specific dose, the more dilute solutions lead to greater diffusion of the toxin. The authors want to use 25 mL of diluent to prepare U/0.1 ml (50 V, a solution in 1 ml tuberculin syringe, if it's a lot be used). 30 gauge 1 inch needle to inject.
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