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Web development refers to the creating, building, and maintaining of websites. It includes aspects such as web design, web publishing, web programming, and database management. It is the creation of an application that works over the internet i.e. websites. Web: It refers to websites, web pages or anything that works over the internet. Development: It refers to building the application from scratch. The part of a website where the user interacts directly is termed as front end. It is also referred to as the ‘client side’ of the application. HTML: HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is used to design the front end portion of web pages using markup language. It acts as a skeleton for a website since it is used to make the structure of a website. CSS: Cascading Style Sheets fondly referred to as CSS is a simply designed language intended to simplify the process of making web pages presentable.
It is used to style our website. JavaScript: JavaScript is a scripting language used to provide a dynamic behavior to our website. Bootstrap: Bootstrap is a free and open-source tool collection for creating responsive websites and web applications. It is the most popular CSS framework for developing responsive, mobile-first websites. Nowadays, the websites are perfect for all browsers (IE, Firefox, and Chrome) and for all sizes of screens (Desktop, Tablets, Phablets, and Phones). Backend is the server side of a website. It is part of the website that users cannot see and interact with. It is the portion of software that does not come in direct contact with the users. It is used to store and arrange data. PHP: PHP is a server-side scripting language designed specifically for web development. Java: Java is one of the most popular and widely used programming languages. It is highly scalable. Python: Python is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more efficiently.
Node.js: Node.js is an open source and cross-platform runtime environment for executing JavaScript code outside a browser. In web technology, a database is a structured collection of data that is stored electronically and accessed via a web application. It serves as the backend component where data is stored, managed, and retrieved. Databases can be relational (like MySQL, PostgreSQL) using structured tables and SQL for queries, or non-relational (like MongoDB, CouchDB) which store data in flexible, document-oriented formats. They enable web applications to handle dynamic content, user data, transactions, and more by providing efficient storage, retrieval, and manipulation capabilities. Database management systems (DBMS) are used to interact with the database, ensuring data integrity, security, and performance. A relational database stores data in tables, similar to a spreadsheet, where each table has rows and columns. The rows hold individual records, and the columns define the data attributes. Tables can be linked to each other through special keys, allowing related data to be connected.
Postgre SQL: PostgreSQL is a powerful, open-source relational database that supports advanced SQL features and complex queries. It handles structured data, ensures ACID compliance, and is known for its reliability and extensibility. MariaDB: MariaDB is an open-source relational database that evolved from MySQL, offering improved performance, security, and features. It supports SQL queries, ACID compliance, and is highly compatible with MySQL. MySQL: MySQL is an open-source relational database management system that uses SQL for managing structured data. It’s known for its reliability, ease of use, and performance, widely used in web applications. A NoSQL database stores data in a flexible, non-tabular format, unlike traditional relational databases. Instead of using tables with rows and columns, NoSQL databases might use documents, key-value pairs, wide-columns, or graphs to store data. This allows them to handle large amounts of unstructured or semi-structured data efficiently. They are designed to scale easily and manage big data applications. Mongodb: MongoDB is a NoSQL database storing data in JSON-like documents. It handles unstructured data, supports powerful queries, and scales easily across servers, making it popular for flexible, scalable applications. Cassandra: Apache Cassandra is an open-source NoSQL database that is used for handling big data. It has the capability to handle structure, semi-structured, and unstructured data. Redis: Redis is an in-memory NoSQL database known for its speed. It supports various data structures like strings, hashes, and lists, making it ideal for caching, real-time analytics, and messaging.
The Mental Healthcare Act 2017 has received widespread praise for its significant impact on mental health rights. One of the most notable achievements of the act is the decriminalization of suicide, recognizing that individuals with mental illness need support and care rather than punishment. This shift in legal perspective has contributed to reducing the stigma surrounding mental health and encouraging individuals to seek help without fear of legal repercussions. Another important aspect of the Mental Healthcare Act 2017 is its emphasis on LGBTQ rights in mental health care. The act acknowledges the unique challenges faced by the LGBTQ community, such as higher rates of mental health issues due to discrimination and social exclusion. It mandates that mental health professionals should provide appropriate support and understanding to LGBTQ individuals, ensuring their mental well-being is prioritized. However, some concerns have been raised about the act. One area of contention is the limited representation of the Indian Psychiatric Society in the formulation of mental health policies.
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